Deprivation linked to late mouth cancer diagnosis in Wales
Deprivation and late diagnosis continue to shape mouth cancer outcomes in Wales, according to new analysis from Public Health Wales.
The Mouth Cancer Incidence in Wales 2025 report finds people living in the most deprived areas are more likely to be diagnosed with mouth cancer and less likely to survive five years than those in more affluent areas.
Most cases in Wales are identified at stage three or four, when treatment is more complex and outcomes poorer.
Professor Paul Brocklehurst, Consultant in Dental Public Health at Public Health Wales, said: “Mouth cancer is one of the few cancers where we can often see or feel the early signs ourselves, yet too many people wait too long before seeking professional advice. We are urging anyone who notices anything unusual in their mouth, such as an ulcer that will not heal, a red or white patch, or a lump, to see their dentist or GP as soon as possible.”
Smoking and drinking remain two of the biggest preventable risk factors, with human papillomavirus infection a factor in some cases. Men continue to be disproportionately affected, with a ratio of two men to every woman diagnosed. The tongue and oropharynx remain the most common sites, and five-year survival rates remain below fifty percent for people diagnosed at advanced stages.
The report stresses prevention, early detection and lifestyle choices. The Oral Health Foundation recommends stopping smoking and avoiding tobacco, keeping alcohol within recommended limits, maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruit and vegetables, visiting a dentist regularly for check-ups, and using sun protection on lips when outdoors.
Professor Brocklehurst added: “We are seeing improvements in some groups, but far too many people are still being diagnosed when the cancer is already well advanced. Early detection saves lives and simple changes such as stopping smoking, reducing alcohol intake, and having regular dental check-ups can significantly lower your risk.”
Public Health Wales is encouraging people to be mouth aware during Mouth Cancer Action Month and to check their mouth regularly for any changes.
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